The most sophisticated bearings for the most demanding applications are very precise components their manufacture requires some of the highest standards of current technology.ĭrawing of Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) Study of a ball bearing Other bearings are separate devices installed into a machine or machine part. The simplest bearings are bearing surfaces, cut or formed into a part, with varying degrees of control over the form, size, roughness, and location of the surface. The term "bearing" is derived from the verb " to bear" a bearing being a machine element that allows one part to bear (i.e., to support) another. A wide variety of bearing designs exists to allow the demands of the application to be correctly met for maximum efficiency, reliability, durability and performance. In the ball bearing and roller bearing, to reduce sliding friction, rolling elements such as rollers or balls with a circular cross-section are located between the races or journals of the bearing assembly. The simplest form of bearing, the plain bearing, consists of a shaft rotating in a hole. Rotary bearings hold rotating components such as shafts or axles within mechanical systems, and transfer axial and radial loads from the source of the load to the structure supporting it. Bearings are classified broadly according to the type of operation, the motions allowed, or to the directions of the loads (forces) applied to the parts. Most bearings facilitate the desired motion by minimizing friction.
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The design of the bearing may, for example, provide for free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis or, it may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts. A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion, and reduces friction between moving parts.
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